动词 vary 后面好像通常都接介词from…to…。比如:
Test scores vary from school to school. 测验成绩各校不同。
Prices vary widely from shop to shop. 商店之间的价格相差很大。
Medical treatment varies greatly from state to state. 医疗制度各州大不同一样。
请问,除 from…to… 外,还可接哪些介词?谢谢!
陈老师:
黎老师的归纳很好,下面根据手头的资料作一些补充:
1. according to
The amount paid will vary according to circumstances. 所付数额视情况而定。
The amount of tax people pay varies according to where they live. 居住地不同,人们所交的税额也各不相同。
2. among
Services offered vary among the main high street banks. 各大商业银行提供的服务不尽相同。
3. by
Access to this information varies by social class. 获取这一信息的途径因社会阶层的不同而变化。
4. from
The text varies from the earlier versions. 这一文本与较早的版本有些不同。
5. from…to…
Air quality standards vary from state to state. 空气质量标准州与州不同。
The approximate cost varies from around £150 to £250. 费用大概介于150至250英镑之间。
6. in
The rooms vary in size. 房间大小不一。
Other services vary dramatically in quality. 其他服务在质量上差别很大。
7. on
Medical opinion varies on how many tablets it takes to overdose. 医生对于服用多少药片算作过量意见不一。
8. with
The availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with the need for it.优质医疗服务的提供往往与需要成反比。
黎老师:
一、后接“ in + 零冠词单数名词(表示长、宽、大小、重量、颜色等)”,表示“(在...... 方面)不同”。例如:
Houses vary in size. 房屋的大小不同。
They vary in colour. 它们的颜色不同。
These fish vary in weight from 2 lb to 5 lb. 这些鱼的重量从2磅到5磅不等。
二、vary 与 from ... to ...连用,意思是“从......到......情况不等”、“在......到......之间变化”。例如:
Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression. 她的情绪由乐观变成极度消沉。
Her health varies from good to rather weak. 她的健康状况时好时坏。
三、vary 与 with 连用,意思是“随......而变化”、“因......而不同”。例如:
Price vary with the seasons (或 quality). 物价随季节(或质量)不同而变动。(黎反修注:此句中的Price 应该改为 Prices)
Customs vary with the times. 风俗随着时代而改变。
四、vary from 意思是“与 ...... 不同”、“违反”。例如:
The director does not allow varying a bit from the original. 导演不允许与原作稍有不同。
Nobody can vary from a rule during the game. 在游戏中任何人都不可以违反规则。
五、 vary directly (或 inversely) as 意思是“与 ...... 成正(或反)比”。例如:
N should vary directly as M. N 应该和 M 成正比。
K may vary inversely as N. K 可能和 N 成反比。
(《薄冰英语惯用法词典》p.1263)
g老师:
谢谢老师的详细解答!