现在完成时和过去完成时

问题描述

Linda feels exhausted because she ________ so many visitors today.

A. has been having B. was having C. had been having D. had had

为什么这道题不能用过去完成时啊？为什么D项不对啊？

请老师详细讲解这道题

老师答疑

刘老师：

Linda feels exhausted because she ________ so many visitors today.

A. has been having B. was having C. had been having D. had had

为什么这道题不能用过去完成时啊？为什么D项不对啊？

请老师详细讲解这道题

【答】

▲此题与现在时间有关，与过去时间无关，因为主句是一般现在时feels。这叫做主从句的“时态一致”或“时态呼应”。

“现在完成时”和“现在完成进行时”，都属于现在时间范畴的时态，难怪这两种时态都有“现在”二字呢！

Linda feels exhausted because she ________ so many visitors today.

此题填has had，或has been having都正确。

▲“过去完成时”和“过去完成进行时”，都属于过去时间范畴的时态，难怪这两种时态都有“过去”二字呢！如果把句子改一下，就会有变化：

Linda felt exhausted because she ________ so many visitors.

这时，此题填had had，或had been having才正确。

关于现在完成进行时：

现在完成进行时，是现在完成时态与进行时态的结合，既有现在完成时的特点，也有进行时的特点。现在完成进行时的其中一个用法是：表示一个发生在过去，而持续到现在的动作。

现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，并且还在进行中，其结构为have/has been doing sth.。这种时态的句子中多用持续性动词，并常和all the time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently 等状语以及since和for引导的时间状语连用（与since和for连用时，动作常会继续下去）。

    For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. 40年来，简•古道尔一直帮助世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。

    He has been doing this in order to repay the boy's kindness. 为了报答那个男孩的好心，他一直这样做。

    How long have you been living here? 你住在这儿多长时间了？

    He has been waiting for his girlfriend for an hour but she still hasn't turned up. 他已经等了一个小时，可她女朋友还没来。

   Linda feels exhausted because she has been having so many visitors today.琳达感到很疲惫，因为她今天接待了这么多客人。

蒋老师：

本题最佳答案是 A。因为主句为一般现在时，所以从句不能用过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时等）。