及物动词短语做谓语么？

问题描述

The new aircraft will be subjected  to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃. 

请教老师本句的be subjected to是不是相当于 及物动词短语 做谓语呢？

老师答疑

刘老师：

The new aircraft will be subjected to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.

请教老师本句的be subjected to是不是相当于及物动词短语，做谓语呢？

【答】为了从根本上弄清楚这个问题，我先给你讲一下be subjected to结构的来历及其演变。

1. 首先要知道，subjected 是动词subject的过去分词。

2. 把be subjected to理解为被动语态结构，或者形容词短语，都可以。

3. 严格讲，把be subjected to 看作及物动词短语做谓语，不妥。应该这样说：a test是介词to的宾语。

4. subject是及物动词，意为“使服从于；使隶属于；使屈从于；使受制约；使接受”。后面必须接宾语。结构为：subject + 宾语 + to, 例如：

You should subject yourself to my command. 你必须服从我的命令。

→You should be subjected to my command. 你必须服从我的命令。

5. The new aircraft will be subjected to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.

意思是：新飞机将经受-65和120摄氏度的温度测试。

这句话，因为主语表示“事物”，其主动式的主语一般不是事物本身，而是“人”。变成语态可能是：

The engineers will subject the new aircraft to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.

▲关于这类动词的用法，再举一些类似的例句：

He was quickly accustomed to this new way of life.

他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。

She was adapted to the new climate quickly.

她很快就适应了这种新气候。

He can't be adjusted to the whirl of modern life in this big city.

他无法适应这个大都市的现代生活的忙碌。

The old man was addicted to smoking.

那位老人吸烟成瘾。

After graduation he continued to be devoted to the research.

毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。

He was dedicated to the cause of science.

他献身科学事业。

I am opposed to the training plan.

我反对那项训练计划。

I am restricted to smoking two cigarettes a day.

我每天只抽两支烟。

But after he gets over the shock, he is usually resigned to his fate and then becomes as happy as normal boys.可是这种难受不安过去后，他也只有听天由命，现在比一般正常的儿童还快乐。

陈老师：

The new aircraft will be subjected  to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃. 

请教老师本句的be subjected to是不是相当于 及物动词短语 做谓语呢？

同意刘老师解答

这里subject为及物动词用法(subject A to B= B be subjected to A)

主语+subject +宾语(1)+介词to+宾语(2)意思为“主语使宾语1遭受/经受宾语2，介词+宾语2构成介词短语在句中作状语成分

The new aircraft will be subjected  to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.

以上句子为被动语态B be subjected to A

vt使经受;使遭受 (subject sb to sth/ subject sth to sth)

If you subject someone to something unpleasant, you make them experience it.

the man who had subjected her to four years of beatings and abuse.

使她遭受了 4 年毒打和辱骂的男人.

Innocent civilians are being arrested and subjected to inhumane treatment.  

无辜的平民正被逮捕并遭受非人的虐待。