sb is revenged on sb是主动还是被动

问题描述

［例句］Cissy was revenged on Gary for an insult.

［误译］锡西被加里报了侮辱之仇。

［原意］锡西对加里报了侮辱之仇。

老师答疑

刘老师：

revenge 为书面语，意为“替......报复”。

其用法是：revenge oneself on someone。意思是：主语替自己报复了某人。“替自己”实际不需要翻译出来。道理就是：

因为宾语是反身代词，主语和宾语同为一人，所以用于被动语态时仍然表示主动，类似下列被动句，被动语态不表示被动。

He seated himself on the chair. = He was seated on the chair.

She dressed herself in a red shirt. = She was dressed in a red shirt.

同理，If you revenge yourself on someone who has hurt you, you hurt them in return. 等于

If you are revenged on someone who has hurt you, you hurt them in return.

因此，你给的句子尽管是被动语态，但第2句的翻译正确。

此外，从用介词on 而不是by 就可以看出，不存在“被......怎么样”。

for an insult 表示目的。

又如：

I'll be revenged on all of you for this. 这个仇我是要报的，你们一个也逃不了。
She vowed to be revenged on them all. 她发誓一定要报复他们所有的人。
Nature is revenged on humans for air pollution. 大自然对人类污染环境进行报复。