比较until和till

比较until和till

此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。动词为延续性或非延续性都可　以。 正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。

　 肯定句：

　 I slept until¹ midnight². 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。

　 Wait till³ I call you.　 等着我叫你。

　 （在肯定句中可用before代替 Let's get in the wheat⁴ before the sun sets⁶.）

　 否定句：

　 She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.

　 她直到6点才到。

　 Don't get off⁸ the bus until it has stopped.

　 公共汽车停稳后再下车。

　 I didn't manage⁹ to do it until you had¹⁰ explained¹¹ how.　 直到你教我后，我才会做。

1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。

　　Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.

　　直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。　

2)Until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。

　 ---Until when are you staying?　你呆到什么时候？

　 --- Until next Monday.　呆到下周一。　

注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。

(1）Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。

　　Not until the early years of the 19th century¹² did⁷ man know what heat⁵ is.

　　直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。

　　Not until I began to work did I realize¹³ how much time I had wasted¹⁴.

　 直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。

(2)　It is not until… that…

重点词汇点拨

1 until

prep.直到...为止；conj.直到...时才...

参考例句：

• He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。
• She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。

2 midnight

n.午夜

参考例句：

• The ship pulled in to the shore at midnight.那船半夜时靠岸。
• He looked at the moon and made the time to be midnight.他看了看月亮，估计时间是半夜了。

3 till

conj.直到(...为止)；n.(账台中)放钱的抽屉；prep.直到；pron.直到...为止，直到；vt.耕种

参考例句：

• It was not till 11 o'clock that he came back last night.昨晚直到11点他才回来。
• You can come to my house till all hours.你多晚来我家都没关系。

4 wheat

n.小麦

参考例句：

• It's still too early to harvest the wheat now.现在割小麦为时过早。
• The farmer grows a lot of wheat.这位农民种了许多小麦。

5 heat

n.热，热度，高潮；vi.加热；激昂；发热；vt.把…加热；使激动

参考例句：

• I can not stand great heat.我受不住高温。
• He hit his son in the heat of the moment.盛怒中他打了儿子。

6 sets

n.凝固( set的名词复数 )；（一）套；布景；集v.放( set的第三人称单数 )；安插；树立；安排

参考例句：

• There is reasonable concordance between the two sets of results. 两组结果之间有着合理的一致。
• There is a contradiction between the two sets of figures. 这两组数据相互矛盾。

7 did

v.动词do的过去式

参考例句：

• How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球？
• Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢？

8 off

adj.远的；休假的，空闲的；adv.走开，出发，隔断；prep.离开，脱落，在...之外

参考例句：

• You'd better cool off first.你最好先冷静下来。
• I need some time off.我需要一些时间休息。

9 manage

vt.经营，管理，处理；设法，对付；操纵，运用；vi.处理，办理，设法对付

参考例句：

• He took great pains to manage the factory well.为了管理好工厂，他可真是煞费苦心。
• The work is not much,I can manage it alone.活儿不多，我一个人也忙得过来。

10 had

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

11 explained

v.讲解，解释( explain的过去式和过去分词 )；说明…的原因，辩解；说明，解释，辩解

参考例句：

• It's the nth time I've explained it to you. 这件事我已经向你解释过无数遍了。
• He explained that he had to leave at once. 他解释说他必须立即离开。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 century

n.世纪；百年

参考例句：

• As a writer, he really belongs to the 18 th century. 作为一个作家, 他的确属于18世纪。
• We live in the 21st century.我们生活在二十一世纪。

13 realize

vt.认识到；了解到，实现，使显得逼真，把…变为现金；vi. 变卖为现金

参考例句：

• Do you realize the importance of this question?你意识到这个问题的重要性了吗？
• He'll come to realize it one day.他总有一天会懂得这一点。

14 wasted

adj.（常指因病而）憔悴的，疲惫不堪；徒劳的；无用的

参考例句：

• The project wasted a considerable amount of time and money. 那项工程耗费了相当多的时间和资金。
• We had a wasted trip―they weren't in. 我们白跑了一趟，他们不在。