as,to的用法 The possib

问题描述

The possibility that mass extinctions may recur periodically has given rise to such hypotheses as that of a companion star with a long-period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits, making some of them fall to Earth as meteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact.

(1)”as that of a companion star with a long-period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits”是as的什么用法？这是一个独立主格结构吗？that在这里指代什么？
(2)” making some of them fall to Earth as meteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact”是做前面哪个部分的结果状语？它是谁的结果？在这句中them指代什么？

老师答疑

刘老师：

The possibility that mass extinctions may recur periodically has given rise to such hypotheses as that of a companion star with a long-period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits, making some of them fall to Earth as meteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact.

(1) “as that of a companion star with a long-period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits”是as的什么用法？这是一个独立主格结构吗？that在这里指代什么？

(2)“making some of them fall to Earth as meteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact”是做前面哪个部分的结果状语？它是谁的结果？在这句中them指代什么？

【翻译】周期性发生大规模物种灭绝的可能性导致了这样的假说（理论），如一个在长周期轨道运行的伴星使其他天体从正常轨道偏离，结果使得其中的一些像流星那样落在地球上，在冲击后造成广泛的破坏。

【分析】

(1) such...as...结构表示列举，as 意为“诸如此类的；例如”，that是代词，指代前面hypotheses这个词的单数。又如：such books as this one = books such as this one

with a long-period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits是分词独立主格结构，作定语修饰a companion star。

(2)“making some of them fall to Earth as meteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact”是句子谓语动词has given rise的结果状语。

them指other bodies（其他天体）。