against表示“依据”时可否换成with

问题描述

Our policy has to be judged against a clear test: will it improve the standard of education? 对我们的政策作出评判必须根据一条明确的准则：它是否会提高教育的水准？

Check the operator's productivity against agreed targets. 根据既定目标检验操作员的效率。

She checked the contents of the box against the list. 她对照清单检查箱子里的东西。 

against 表示依据时可否换成 with？

老师答疑

刘老师：

against 表示“以…为标准；根据”之意时，与according to 同义，不可用with 代替。

I checked my watch against GMT.  我以格林尼治时间对表。

We have to weigh the cost of the new system against the benefits it will bring. 

我们须根据它将带来的效益，权衡一下起用新系统所需的成本。