非限制性定语从句的使用与判定

问题描述

老师，He married a woman, whom he met at the hospital. 

这个非限制性定语从句成立吗？

老师答疑

曾老师：

同意唐老师的分析，顺便回答一下张网友的追问：

限定性定语从句不能用逗号与主句隔开，它限制所修饰的先行词的意义；非限定性定语从句前面需用逗号与主句分开，它只是先行词的附加说明，省去后不影响主句的意思。如：

My brother who lives in New York has six children.

我住在纽约的那个兄弟有六个孩子。（不止一个兄弟）

My brother, who lives in New York, has six children.

我的兄弟有六个孩子，他住在纽约。（只有这一个兄弟）

由以上例句可见：非限定性定语从句表达的意义含“唯一性”，翻译时通常译成一个并列句，其形式往往可用and…替换。又如：

I met a boatman, who (= and he) took me across the river.

They will fly to Kunming, where (= and there) they will stay for several days.

唐老师：

你的句子完全成立。句末的 whom he met at the hospital 正是一个非限制性定语从句。

类似的例句。如：

This is Jack, whom you haven’t met before. 这是杰克，你以前没见过。

We became friendly with some nurses, whom John had met in Paris. 我们跟几位护士变得很友好，约翰在巴黎见过她们。

She went to work with my brother, whom she later married 她去跟我兄弟一起工作，后来和他结了婚。

Our doctor, whom we all like very much, is leaving. 常给我们看病的那个医生，我们都很喜欢他，他要走了。

This is John Perkins, whom you met at the sales conference. 这位是约翰·珀金斯，你在销售大会上见过他。

Peter, whom everyone suspected, turned out to be innocent. 彼得，大家都怀疑他，结果证明是无罪的。

That afternoon there was a search for Sophia, whom no one had seen since lunch. 那天下午大家都在找索菲娅，午饭后谁都没见过她。

She wanted Tom, whom she liked, as a partner; but she got Jack, whom she didn’t like. 她想要她所喜欢的汤姆作为伴侣，可是却得到了她所不喜欢的杰克。

She married a very nice young architect from Belfast, whom she met on a bus. 她与一位非常漂亮的来自贝尔法斯特的年轻建筑师结婚了，她是在公共汽车上遇见他的。