by means of 是介词吗

问题描述

在一本资料上看到，说 by means of 是介词，但我在词典上怎么没有查到它是介词呢？

老师答疑

蒋老师：

▲by means of 是“短语介词”

没错，by means of 是介词，即所谓的“短语介词”。英语介词根据其构成来看，可以有以下5种分类：
1. 简单介词(simple preposition)，即单一介词，如at, in, on, of, about, since等。
2. 复合介词 (compound preposition)，由两个介词组成，如as for, as to, into, out of等。
3. 二重介词 (double preposition)，由两个介词搭配而成，但没有复合介词那样固定，如from under, from behind, until after, except in等。
4. 短语介词 (phrasal preposition)，由短语构成的介词，即它形式上是短语，但用法上是介词（比如可以后接宾语），如according to, because of, by means of, in spite of, on behalf of, with reference to等。
5. 分词介词 (participle prelmsition)，由现在分词构成，如regarding, conceming, including等。
▲关于by means of（用，依靠）的例句：
He has made a fortune by means of industry. 他靠勤劳致富。
We express our thoughts by means of words. 我们用词句来表达思想。
The deaf often communicate by means of signs. 耳聋者经常借助手势交流。
They were able to position the yacht by means of radar. 他们能够用雷达测定快艇的方位。
He got into the house by means of an open window. 他从一扇开着的窗户爬进屋去。
▲拓展：类似短语介词的“词类”还有以下两类：
1. 短语动词 (phrasal verb)，如get up, look for, take care of。
2. 短语连词 (phrasal conjunction)，如as if, so that, as long as。

刘老师：

这种情况属于“短语介词”。由一个或几个简单介词、一个介词或几个其他词类组合构成的介词称为“短语介词”。短语介词在意义和作用上相当于一个简单介词。常用的有以下这些，请牢记于心：

by means of 通过，借助于

according to 根据 

along with 与……一起

at the back of 在……后面 

ahead of  在......前面，先于

as for 至于

as to 关于

at a speed of 以…的速度

at the age of 在…岁时

at the mercy of 完全受…支配，听命于

at the end of 在…结尾，结束时

at the speed of 以…速度

at the cost/expense of  以…为代价

at the risk of 冒…的危险

at the sight of 一看见…就

at the thought of   一想起…就

except for 除……以外 

apart from 除……以外还

in addition to 除……以外还

by way of 通过…方法；经由

for fear of 唯恐；以防

for the sake of 为了…起见；为了…的好处

for lack of 因缺乏；因没有

in accordance with 与…一致；按照，

in addition to 除…之外还

in case of 万一，以防，以备

in charge of 负责，主管

in connection with 关于…，与…有关

in comparison with 与…对比；对照

in favor of 支持；赞成

in exchange for 交换;调换

in need of 需要；急需

in search of 在寻找

in memory of 在记忆中

in honour of 为了荣誉

in respect of 关于

in view of 鉴于，鉴于

in relation to 有关，涉及

in return for回报；付给

in terms of 在..方面, 根据

in the course of 在…期间；在…的过程中

in the face of 面临

in the name of 以…名义

on top of  在…之上

with the help of 在…的帮助下

instead of 取代，而不是

in place of 代替    

in front of  在……前面

on top of  在……顶上

at the end of 在.....末尾

thanks to 幸亏；由于   

because of 因为    

owing to 因为

due to 因为   

on account of 由于

as a result of 由于……的原因

in spite of 尽管

regardless of 不管 

on behalf of 代表  

with regard to 关于

q老师：

传说中的短语介词。。