convince sb of sth / convince sb that...的句子成分分析

问题描述

The young man convinced everyone of his innocence.

The young man convinced everyone that he was innocent.

of his innocence, that he innocent 在上句中做什么句法成分？谢谢回答。

老师答疑

曹老师：

convince sb of sth. 及物动词+宾语+方面状语

convince sb that从句。及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语从句。

convince后的直接宾语需要介词of引出。这时不能说介词短语作直接宾语，而可以分析为介词短语作方面状语。当直接宾语是that从句时，由于that从句不能做介词宾语，就省略介词，that从句置于间接宾语之后。语法分析为直接宾语从句。这种情况类似于表语形容词后接介词短语或that从句的情况。这间接说明了that从句介于名词从句和副词从句之间的模糊性质。

不定式与that从句的情况类似。

advise sb of sth

advise sb to do sth

advise sb that clause

persuade sb of sth

persuade sb to do

persuade sb that clause

be afraid of sth

be afraid to do sth

be afraid that clause

以上结构中，介词短语处于状语的位置。不定式和that从句虽然都有名词性可以作主语、宾语、表语，但不能作介词宾语。不定式和that从句替换介词短语，究竟是省略了介词还是不定式和that从句的副词性使他们能够直接替换介词短语，这个问题没有定论。在动词之后可以说不定式作宾补，that从句是直接宾语从句。表语形容词后不定式为状语，that从句有认为是状语，有认为是形容词的宾语从句。

沅老师：

这是一个很好的问题，我另外增加几个类似的句子，欢迎大家参与分析和讨论：

▲advise

1. advise sb of sth

We’ll advise you of any changes in the delivery dates. 发送日期若有变化，我们会通知你的。

2. advise sb that

They advised us that the plane would be delayed. 他们通知我们，飞机可能要晚点。

▲assure

1. assure sb of sth

They assured him of their full confidence. 他们向他保证他们充满信心。

2. assure sb that

He hastened to assure us that the press would not be informed. 他急忙向我们保证新闻界是不会知道的。

▲persuade

1. persuade sb of sth

We must persuade the government of the need for change. 我们必须使政府相信需要变革。

2. persuade sb that

How can I persuade you that I am sincere? 怎样才能使你相信我是真心实意的呢?

▲satisfy

1. satisfy sb of sth

Jackson tried to satisfy me of his innocence.  杰克逊试图让我相信他是清白的。

2. satisfy sb that

He has to satisfy the environmental lobby that real progress will be made to cut emissions. 他必须令环境游说团体相信在减排方面将取得实质性进展。

▲notify

1. notify sb of sth

Please notify us of any change of address. 地址若有变更请通知我们。

2. notify sb that

He notified us that he was going to leave. 他通知我们说他要辞职。

王老师：

你就这样记：to convince sb of sth. 或 to convince sb that +从句。英语中有些词是惯用，如LQY789老师所列举的例句。当然还有很多，如remind. 提醒你注意的是，of 后一般接something, 但一般不说of doing sth. 学英语，要先模仿，看母语的人怎么用，你就怎么用，不要轻易创新，创新可能会落入陷阱，而你自己却不知道。即使学习英语多年的人都难免落入语言陷阱。