【语法理论探讨】一个完整的单句可以有两个谓语吗？

问题描述

【语法理论探讨】一个完整的单句可以有两个谓语吗？

例如：Tom and Mary played and teased each other on the ground in front of the building from eight to ten yesterday morning.

老师答疑

王老师：

        在一个单句中（不含并列句，复合句），如果复合谓语（ compound predicate /double predicate）也认为是一个谓语的前提下，我的回答是只能有一个谓语。Mr Tong老师举的例子属于复合谓语。按照复合谓语的定义，是由不同谓语动词组成的一个谓语。也就是说仍然属于一个谓语。不过薄冰语法书里，把双谓语动词等同于双谓语。

        我觉得这种咬文嚼字，对语法学家似乎还有点意思，对多数学英语的人来说，没意义。因为不论怎么称呼，都不影响使用和掌握英语。

童老师：

一个完整的单句可以有两个谓语吗？——回答是肯定！

这个问题本来不是问题，刘老师提出这个问题可能是为了使“一个完整的单句是否可以有两个……”成为一个系列。这样的例子太多了，如：

Mike shaved and showered. 迈克刮了脸，冲了个淋浴。

Rachel crimsoned and sat down. 雷切尔面红耳赤地坐了下来。

The knife slipped and cut his finger. 刀滑脱，划破了他的手指。

若有需要，一个句子也可以有多个谓语。如：

He felled, peeled and hewed his own timber. 他自己砍树、剥皮、劈成木材。

They presented their draft to the president, who looked it over, nodded and signed it. 他们把草案呈交给总统，总统看了看，点了点头，签了字。

She has danced, choreographed, lectured and taught all over the world. 她在世界各地跳过舞、编过舞、讲过学、也教过书。

说明：这个问题与“一个完整的单句可以有两个时间状语吗”和“一个完整的单句可以有两个地点状语吗”有所不同，因为这里的两个（或多个）谓语是用了并列连词的。

陈老师：

【语法理论探讨】一个完整的单句可以有两个谓语吗？=OK=YES

例如：Tom and Mary played and teased each other on the ground in front of the building from eight to ten yesterday morning.

(简单句子定义：只有1套主谓系统的句子）（这里2个是指有2个谓语动词）

(复合谓语定义：由助动词/情态动词+动词某一种形式构成的谓语称为复合谓语）

I have seen the film.

She can speak English.

They are playing football on the playground.

English is spoken by a lot of people around the world.

I will go to Guangzhou this morning.

（简单谓语定义：仅由行为动词充当的谓语称为简单谓语。）

I saw the film five years ago.

They planted lots of trees yesterday.

She likes watching TV.

We go to school every day.

英语中简单句通常以下面几种形式/语言现象出现。

(1)主语+谓语

She came.(1主+1谓结构）

(2)主语+谓语1+连词+谓语2

She came and visitd me.（1主+2谓+1宾语结构）

(3)主语1+连词+主语2+连词+谓语

Mary and Tom saw a film last night.（2主+1谓+1宾+1状 结构

(4)主语1+连词+主语2+连词+谓语1+谓语2

Tom and Mary came and visited me yesterday.（2主+2谓+1宾+1状结构）

(1)He came in and turned on the TV.

(2)She came and told me a secret.