他希望在百米赛跑中获头奖。
He hopes to win first prize in the 100-metre race.
He hopes to win first prize in the 100 metre race.
He hopes to win first prize in the 100-metres race.
He hopes to win first prize in the 100 metres race.
以上四句翻译哪些对,哪些不对?为什么?
陈老师:
▲你提供的四个句子,三对一错:
他希望在百米赛跑中获头奖。
正:He hopes to win first prize in the 100-metre race. (1)
正:He hopes to win first prize in the 100 metre race. (2)
误:He hopes to win first prize in the 100-metres race. (3)
正:He hopes to win first prize in the 100 metres race. (4)
▲当基数词与名词构成复合形容词表示时间、度量等时,其中的名词原则上用单数,所以上面的第(1)句正确,第(3)句错误。类似的例子如:
a five-star red flag 五星红旗
a five-star hotel 五星级宾馆
the eleventh five-year plan 第11个五年计划
five-good family 五好家庭
a three-acre plot 一块3英亩的地
a two-litre car 汽缸容量为2公升的小汽车
a four-hour meeting 历时4小时的会议
a twelve-inch ruler 一把12英寸长的尺
a ten-minute walk 一次10分钟的步行
▲除句(1)外,其实句(2)和句(4)也是对的,而且是很地道的英语。
——类似100 metre race的表达
Li Yutan, who had been the champion for the last two years, won second place in the 800 metre race. (高中英语教材北师大版模块4, P33)
I won the 60 metre race, my first senior success. 我在60米赛跑中获胜,这是我第一次在高级别的赛事中获得胜利。(《朗文当代英语辞典》)
——类似100 metres race的表达
She won first prize in the 100 metres race. 她在百米赛跑中获头奖。(《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》)
She swam the 100 metres race faster than anyone else. 她游100米比任何人都快。(《朗文多功能分类词典》)
黎老师:
He hopes to win first prize in the 100-metre race. 是正确的。
类似句子:
She came first in the five-mile race. 她在5英里赛跑中获得第一。
(《外研社英汉多功能词典》2008年7月第1版p.1709)
【说明】“基数词 + 连字符 + 名词”结构可以作前置定语,连字符后面的名词应该用单数形式。