求as引导倒装句的用法（……也一样）

问题描述

比较常见的用法是用so引出倒装句，表示“……也一样”。如：

I like chocolate.—So do I.

You’re beautiful.—So are you. 

Children should behave themselves, and so should adults. 

在一本书上看到 as 也可以有类似用法，但没有展开分析。想请专家老师给讲解一下，非常感谢！

老师答疑

刘老师：

关于网友 listening 的这个问题，我解答如下。

▲英语中，表示“也是一样的”句式，除了I like chocolates. — So do I. 外，也可以用 as do I. 表示。在阅读中，我们时常遇到类似的英语句子：

(1) They go to concerts frequently, as do I.

(2) She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents.

这两句中，as 引导的部分用了倒装语序，把助动词（或be动词）置于主语之前。那么，我们可能会有如下疑问：

问题1：as 是什么词，是连词还是副词？

问题2：as do I 怎么翻译？

问题3：as do I 跟so do I 有何区别？

第一个问题：as 是连词，是引导方式状语从句的从属连词，意思是“像……一样”。从as 之前用逗号可以看出，前面是主句，as 引导的句子是从句。所以，They go to concerts frequently, as do I. 实际上是 They go to concerts frequently, as I do. 的变式。She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents. 实际上是 She’s unusually tall, as both her parents are. 的变式。

第二个问题：因为连词 as 的本意是“像……一样”，所以，as do I，除了翻译为“我也如此”，也可翻译为“像我那样”。实际上，这两个意思是一回事，即强调的角度不同。如开头的两句可有两种翻译结果：

(1) They go to concerts frequently, as do I. 

可以译为：他们经常去听音乐会，我也是。

也可译为：他们和我一样，经常去听音乐会。

(2) She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents. 

可以译为：她特别高，她父母也都那么高。

也可译为：像她父母那样，她长得特别高。

【特别说明】因为 as 仍然具备原来从属连词的含义（像......那样），所以，在翻译时才有了以上两种译法。正因为此，as do I 也可以不倒装：

She enjoys all kinds of music, as I do. 她各种音乐都喜爱，和我一样。

He believes firmly in the goals of the project, as I do.（The Teacher’s Grammar of English，剑桥大学出版社）

第三个问题：as do I 中 as 是连词，so do I 中 so 是副词，这从句子的结构可以看出来，请比较：

1. Joe was a little upset, as was I.

2. Joe was a little upset, and so was I.

句1，as 是从属连词，它与前面的句子之间有逗号。

句2，so 是副词，前句的后面虽有逗号，但在之前还有一个连词 and。注意：这个 and 是不可省略的，但是，我们平常可能忽略了这一点，以至于学生经常不使用 and。如果不用and 也可以，但必须用句号，即分成两个独立的句子：

Joe was a little upset. So was I.

除了上述区别外，as do I  主要用于正式文体，其后接倒装句式，在意思上跟 so do I 基本相同。但是，由于在 as do I 中，as 实际是从属连词，引导方式状语从句，所以缩略形式采用了倒装语序，而且有两种比较接近的意思。又如：

I voted Labour, as did my wife. 我投了工党的票，我妻子也是。（《朗文当代英语辞典》）

Eve is very tall, as was her mother. 夏娃像她妈妈一样，长得很高。（夏娃长得很高，她的妈妈也是。）（《朗文当代英语辞典》）

She was a Catholic, as were most of her friends. 她是个天主教徒，她的朋友也大都是天主教徒。（《牛津英语用法指南》）　　

I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, as do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin. 我每天乘轻轨去滨海新区，住在天津市区的许多生意人也是一样。（2009年高考英语天津卷）

▲以下是来自权威辞书的讲解：

1.《朗文当代英语辞典》对 as do I 的解释是：as is / was / does etc. formal used to add that what you have said is also true of someone or something else:

Eve is very tall, as was her mother.

I voted Labour, as did my wife.

2.《朗文当代英语辞典》对 so do I 的解释是： used to add that what has just been said is also true about someone or something else. so do I/so is he/so would Peter etc.

Joe was a little upset, and so was I.

He's been ill, and so has his wife.

3. 雅虎英语问答栏目，对于 as do I 和 so do I 的区别，其解释是：

(1) Well to be proper it should be “as do I” but most people don’t care to be that proper and say “so do I”. It’s like if you have a picture of you and another friend when you go to label it you would say my friend and I not me and my friend. Hope this helps and good luck!

(2) If we (correctly) define language as a system that changes over time with those who speak it, it's “so do I.”

If you’re one of those people who thinks that archaic language is proper language, go with “as do I” and see people’s reaction.

(3) You can say either. They both have the same meaning but if you want to be grammatically correct then do “as do I”.

(4) So do I. “As do I” is a little pompous.

▲现在，再举一些有关的例句：

(1) Needless to say, many people fall in love with this group, as do I. 不用说，许多人都喜爱这个小组，我也喜欢。

(2) Tom works hard, as do his sisters. 汤姆工作努力，他姐妹也是。

(3) Robert Kincaid and Carlisle McMillan share that persona, as do I. 罗伯特·金凯和卡莱尔·麦克米伦就很受用这种生活，当然我也是。  

(4) I think many my friends will like English and her Poems, just as do I. 我想，我的很多朋友也会与我一样，喜欢英文和英文诗。

(5) He has a computer, as do I. 他有一台电脑，我也有。

(6) I think many my friends will like English and her Poems, just as do I. 我想，我的很多朋友也会与我一样，喜欢英文和英文诗。

(7) Her mother had many personal problems and she made the ultimate decision, as do we all. 她母亲像我们一样，有很多个人困扰并且做了一个极端的决定。

(8) Chimps and other apes walk like this, as do bears. 黑猩猩和其他猿类这样走路，熊也是。

(9) He knew this, as did others in his company and his industry. 他和公司以及领域内其他人一样，知道了这一点。

(10) I grew up in a family business, and my parents worked together for years, as did my grandparents before them. 我在家族企业的环境中长大，我父母一起共事多年，在他们之前，我的祖父母也是如此。

(11) She looked quite interested in what I had to say, as did the woman sitting next to me. 她看起来对我说的颇感兴趣，坐在我边上的另一个女人也听得津津有味。

(12) He flew from Washington to Oxford for the debate, as did Obama. 他从华盛顿飞往牛津参加了与奥巴马的辩论。

(13) I've participated in many of these debates, as have some of you. 我参加了不少这样的争论，（相信）你们也是如此。

(14) The Heaven cares everything selflessly, as does the Earth. 老天爷无私地照顾万物，大地也是无私地承载各类物种。

(15) Serbia rejected this, as did Russia. 塞尔维亚像俄罗斯一样，拒绝了这个计划。

(16) I work for an IT company, as does my husband. 和我丈夫一样，我也在一家IT公司上班。

(17) She looks smart, as did her late father. 她看上去很精明，就象她已故的父亲一样。

(18) Shortsighted people have to wear glasses, as do longsighted people. 近视眼的人要戴眼镜，远视眼的人也要戴。

黎老师：

1. as 表示“像 ...... 一样”的意思时， 确实可以引导倒装句，但是它与 so 引出的倒装句翻译方法是不同的。例如：

She plays the piano, as does her mother. 她和她母亲一样会弹钢琴。(外研社、建宏《英汉多功能词典》p.98) 

比较：She plays the piano, so does her mother. 她会弹钢琴，她的母亲也会弹钢琴。

2. as 表示“像 ...... 一样”的意思时， 也可以不用倒装句。例如：

She plays the piano as her mother does. 她和她母亲一样会弹钢琴。

(=She plays the piano, as does her mother.)

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