Every time I saw her I thought of my mother.
对于这个句子我见过两种分析:一种分析是认为 every time 是从属连词,用以引导时间状语从句;另一种分析是认为 I saw her 是定语从句,用于修饰 every time。我觉得两种分析都有一定道理,但拿不准哪种分析才是真正对的?敬请专家老师作指点!谢谢!
沅老师:
我觉得两种分析都算是“对”的。但更容易接受的分析应该是:将 every time 视为一个固定短语,将 every time I saw her 视为一种特殊的时间状语从句。关于这个问题,我查了一下有关资料:
▲《张道真英语语法》对此的解释是:……也有些时间状语从句不由连词引起:
Now that we have decorated the house, we can move in. 现在房子已装饰好,我们可以搬进去了。
Every time I listen to music I’ll think of it. 每当我听音乐,我就想起这事。
He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。
He flinched each time she spoke to him. 每次她和他讲话,他都畏缩。
The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他,就知道没有希望了。
I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。
The machine will start instantly you press the button. 你一按电钮,机器就会开动。
Directly he uttered these words, there was a dead silence. 他一说这些话,大家立刻沉默下来。
▲《薄冰英语语法》对此的解释是:……有些表时间的短语亦可引导时间状语从句,如the instant, the minute, the moment, the day, the year, each (every) time, next time, the first (second, last) time, by the time等。例:
The minute he saw her he fell in love. 他对她一见倾心。
The day he returned home, his father was already dead. 他回家的那一天,他的父亲已经死了。
Every time I come, he is reading. 我每次来,他都在读书。
Next time you come, please bring your composition. 你下次来,请带来你的作文。
He was much better the last time I saw him. 我上次见他时他好多了。
By the time he was taken to the hospital he was nearly dead. 他被送到医院时已经几乎不行了。
米老师:
两者说法都可以,但一般来说,every time 引导时间状语从句时,作从属连词,相当于 when, the moment, each time 等,“每当……,一……”, 例如:
Every time I see her, she is always smiling. 每次见到她总是在微笑。
但是在作定语从句先行词时,关系词不用 when 而用 that 或省略,雷同此用法的先行词还有 by the time ,any time ,the way, the first time ,the last time,例如:
The first time (that) he saw her, he fell in love with her. 他对她一见钟情。