一般现在时与现在完成时的区别(在the first time后面)

问题描述

This is the first time that I ______ really relaxed for months.

A.had felt      B.feel        C.felt           D.have felt

为什么选 D 而不选 B？一般现在时与现在完成时的区别(在the first time后面)？

老师答疑

刘老师：

This is the first time that I ______ really relaxed for months.

A. had felt      B. feel        C. felt           D. have felt

为什么选 D 而不选 B？一般现在时与现在完成时的区别(在the first time后面)？

【答】在这个句式中，that从句使用现在完成时，死记硬背固然可以，但是，我觉得还是从本质上理解更好。理解的东西比死记硬背更重要，今后使用起来会更加自觉。

▲我们知道，现在完成时的其中一个用法就是：指“人”（主语）的经历。这个经历也许是指从过去某个时间到说话时间为止，也可能是指人一生的。例如：

I have been to London once/twice.

本句是说我的经历，“我去过伦敦一次/两次。”意味着从出生至今的经历。

既然如此，我们就知道这句话This is the first time that I have felt really relaxed for months.为什么用现在完成时了。the first time是“数月来的第一次经历”，时间状语for months 只是把时间限制在这段时间范围内而已，即便句中没有时间，那也要用现在完成时。例如：

This is the first time that he has climbed Mount Tai. 这是他有生以来第一次登泰山。

▲同理，如果把This is the first time 改为This was the first time，那么that从句则使用过去完成时：

This was the first time that he had climbed Mount Tai.

用was 说明，这个“经历”截止到过去的某个时间为止，或者在过去某个时间之前。此时使用过去完成时，符合其基本原则：“过去的过去”。

▲此外，在This is the first time that I have felt really relaxed for months. 句中，可以把This换成That或It，口语中，that还可以省略。例如：

This is the first time (that) I have felt really relaxed for months.

That is the first time (that) I have felt really relaxed for months.

It is the first time (that) I have felt really relaxed for months.

陈老师：

This is the first time that I ______ really relaxed for months.

A.had felt      B.feel        C.felt           D.have felt

为什么选 D 而不选 B？一般现在时与现在完成时的区别(在the first time后面)？

回答如下：

完全赞同蒋老师的解答！

D为正确答案，从句应该使用现在完成时态。

以上句子可以总结如下2种结构/句型：

(1)This/That/It is the +（序数词first/second...) /one's time+主语 +have/has done sth

这是/那是/它是某人做某事情的第XXX次。(描述主语从过去某一时间到现在所经历做某事情的次数。）

It is the first time that I have written to a foreign pen friend. 

这是我第一次给外国笔友写信。

This is the first time in my life that I have taken part in such a grand celebration.

这是我有生以来第一次参加如此盛大的庆典。

This is the first time that the three leaders have met together and the first time that President Roosevelt has met Marshal Stalin.

这是三巨头的第一次会面，同时也是罗斯福总统与斯大林元帅的首次会面。

This is the first time that a study has set out to examine whether giving up smoking has impact on memory.

该研究首次着手检验戒烟是否对记忆有影响。

(2)This/That/It was the +(序数词first/second...)/one's time+主语+ had done sth

这是/那是/它是某人做某事情的第XXX次。（描述主语从过去某一时间之前所经历做某事情的次数。）

It was the third time that he had asked the same question. 

这是他第三次问同一个问题。

That was the second time I had listened to his lecture

那是我第2次听他的讲座。

It was the first time that he had stripped himself naked in her presence.  

他也第一次,在她的面前脱光了身子。

It was the first time that he had wept in nineteen years.  

他的心碎了,他哭了出来,那是他第一次流泪。

蒋老师：

根据英语语法，在类似 It (This) is the first / second / third… time that…的句型中，that从句习惯上要用现在完成时。如：

Is this the first time that you have stayed here? 这是你第一次到这里来吗？

This is the first time that I’ve heard her sing.  这是我第一次听到她唱歌。

It is the first time that I’ve had occasion to complain. 这是我第一次有理由抱怨。

注意：如果主句是一般过去时，则that从句习惯上用过去完成时。如：

It was the first time that he had lost a game. 这是他第一次输掉比赛。

It was the first time that I had conducted business in Brazil .  那是我第一次在巴西做生意。